That is called Stambha (or Skambha), a pillar. It is something quite common in many temples. Actually there should be stambhas in all temples.
According to some, bona fide stambhas connect svarga (upper planets) with prithivi (Earth). It is a very auspicious sign.
On top of stambhas you may find deities or protecting personalities. For instance in Puri we find a Garuda Stambha, that is a pillar with Garuda on top, and at the base you find a ditch. In that place tears from Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu’s eyes fell. So Garuda Stambha in Puri is a sacred place.
You find a mention to Garuda Stambha in Caitanya Caritamrita, Madhya-lila 2.54
It is also a term refering to one of the ecstasies, when the devotees feels stunned, unable to move.
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